Machine for cutting toothed gear-wheels.



W. E. SYKES. MACHINE r011 cunme 10011150 GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6, 1914.

Patented June 20, 1916.

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WITNESSES. 0 6" K W. E.-SYKES.

MACHtNE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULYB I914.

W. E. SYKES.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR WHEELS.

APPLiCATlON FILED JULY6, 1914.

1 1 88,3 1-9. v Patented J une 20, 1916.

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MACHINE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR WHEELS,

APPLICATION FILED JULYG, 1914.

Patented June 20, 1916.

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WITNESSES. /N VEN TOR.

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MACHINE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6. 1914.

1 ,1 88,21 9. I 4 v- Patnted June 20, 1916.

1 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

WITNESSES. INVENTOR' M z; 225a; E. 6 ,7: 66

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MACHINE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 6, I914.

Patented June 20, 1916.

7 SHEETSSHEET 7.

, /N VEN TOR. 22% 1 2F630 WITNESSES WILLIAM EDWIN SYKES, 0F SLOUGH,ENGLAND.

MACHINE FOR CUTTING TOOTHED GEAR-WHEELS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 20, 1916,

Application filed July 6, 1914. Serial No. 849,296.

wheels.

In the specification to Letters Patent, No.

1,103,831, dated July 14, 191 1, I have described a machine according towhich it is proposed to cut helical teeth by means of two toothed diskor pinion shaped cutters, each adapted to turn within suitable bearingscarried on a reciprocating or sliding carriage, each carriage beingreciprocated so as to impart a planing or shaping action to each cutter,by means of a separate crank, adjustable pin and connecting rod, the twocranks working respectively one from the right hand and the other fromthe left hand side of the wheel blank. Reference is also made in theaforesaid specification to the difficulty of forming continuous doublehelical teeth by the aforesaid planing or shaping action of the cutterswhen advancing simultaneously from each face and meeting at the apex ofthe teeth, owing to the cutters fouling each other directly, or by thechips cut from the blank gathering in the center, and means of avoidingsome of the drawbacks were pointed out. It is stated in saidspecification that the cutters need not ad vance simultaneously fromeach face and means are described for altering the relative positions ofthe cutters thereby producing a difference in time between the cuttingoperations of the respective cutters.

According to the present invention it is proposed to dispense with oneof the operating cranks and its reciprocat ng or sliding carriage abovereferred to, while at the same time providing improved means forproducing the difference in time required between the cutting operationsof the two cutters. Both cutters may be driven from one crank, onecutter advancing as the other is withto' carry the revoluble headspindle 5.

drawing, the generating feed mechanism belng operated by any suitablemeans such as a pawl and ratchet. The driving crank and sllding carriagemay be modified by using the well known square or oblong block on thecrank pin arranged to slide in a slot in the sliding carriage.

In the accompanying drawings which lllustrate one embodiment of thisinvent1on:.-Figu-re 1 is a plan of the machine. Fig-2 is a sideelevation. Fig. 3 is an end elevation. and end elevations, respectively,of part of a machine, illustrating a modified form of feed mechanism,and, Figs. 7, '8 and 9, 10, and 11, 12, show three alternativeconstructions of part of a machine, in plan and elevation, respectively,for operating the generating mechanism.

In the drawings 1 is a saddle'mounted on the bed 2.

3, 4, are bearings mounted on the saddle;

mandrel 6 extends from the spindle 5, its

.outer end being journaled in the bearing 7 carried by the saddle 1. Themandrel 6 passes through a distance piece or chuck 8 and 1s arranged tocarry the wheel blank 9 which represents the work to be done. For

the purpose of holding the wheel blank in position a screw thread isformed on the arbor 6 to receive a nut 10, a washer 11 being placedbetween the work and the nut.

The cutters 12, 13, are mounted on spindles revoluble in holders orboxes 11, 15,

which are pivoted or hinged at 16, 17, to adjustable carriages 18, 19,mounted on the sliding carriage 92. Within the boxes 14, 15,-and on thespindles carrying the cutters, are mounted double helical toothedpinions 20, 21 engaging with correspondlngly toothed wheels 22, 23,mounted on the spindles 24, 25, each between the faces of bearings 26,27, forming part of the adjusts able carriages 18, 19. The spindles 21,25 are extended beyond the bearings 26, 27 and such extended parts maybe rifled or provided with a quick screw and be passed through bearings28, 29 rigidly supported by the bed of the machine. Worm wheels 30 and31, having projecting bosses are revolubly mounted in the bearings 28,29, through which worm wheels the spindles 24, 25 are adapted to slide.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are plan, side,

The reciprocating or sliding carriage 92 is actuated by means of a crankplate 93 carrying a crank pin 94 having a block 95 mounted thereon. Theblock 95 is adapted to slide in a vertically arranged slot 96 providedin the sliding carriage 92, or in an adjustable piecesecured thereto.The crank pin 94 is mounted on the crank plate 93 in such a manner thatit may be adjusted to increase or decrease the throw and therefore thelength of travel of the sliding carriage. The adjustment of the positionof the carriage- 18 or 19 on the sliding carriage 92 may be effected byslackening the bolts 97 or 98 and moving the carriage 18 or 19relatively to the carriage 92.

The crank plate 93 1s mounted on a shaft 99 carrying a worm wheel 100driven by a worm 101. The worm 101 is mounted on the shaft 44 which alsocarries the driving pulley 45. a

For the purpose of imparting a generating feed action to the cutters,and a rotative movement to the wheel blank, the worm wheel shaft 99 isprovided at its outer end with a crank disk 49 having an adjustablecrank pin 50 which actuates, by means of connecting rod 51, ratchetwheel 52 mounted (in'shaft 53, on which a bevel wheel54 is mounted. Abevel wheel 55 intermeshes with bevel wheel 54 to drive, through thebevel wheels 56, 57, the shaft 58 and through the train of change wheels59 and worm 60, slidably mounted on the shaft 61, the worm wheel 62which turns the spindle 5 and the wheel blank 9.

On the inner, extremity of shaft 53, 1s keyed a spur wheel 83 engagingwith a similar spur wheel 84, which is keyed to shaft 81 carrying worm63 engaging with worm Wheel 30. A further bevel wheel 80 is provided onshaft 53 adapted to intermesh with and drive bevel wheel 64 keyed on ashaft 65 which carries the bevel wheels 66 and 67. The driven wheel67 iskeyed to shaft 68 which also carries a spur wheel 85'engaging with asimilar spur wheel 86 keyed to a shaft 82 carrying a worm 69 engaglngwlth worm wheel'31.

The generating feed mechanism actlng on the cutter 13 may be thrown outof gear by means of the jaw clutch 74. The jaw clutch 7 4 also providesthe means for adjusting the cutters independently of each other, eachpart of the clutch being furnished with a hand wheel for this purpose.

The hand wheel 71,.and the screw 72- working in a nut attached to thesaddle 1, serve to move the saddle on its bed, thus adjusting the saddlefor various diameters of wheel blanks and also providing means forfeeding the blanks against the cutters.

1 The action of the machineis as follows When the cutters and blank aresecured in position, the position and stroke of the cutmeasure bars 24,25, during the cutting operation and-in the reverse direction on thereturn or. idle stroke, the result being that right and left handhelical grooves are cut on the blank, and on every revolution of thecrank disk 49 a generating feeding motion is imparted to the cutters andto the wheel blank. The ratio of the-change gears 59 is chosen so thatthe relative motion of the cutters 12, 13, and the wheel blank 9 is thesame as that of a double helical spur gear wheel inter meshed with twosingle helical pinions represented by the wheel blankand cuttersrespectively. It will therefore be seen that the machine works on thegenerating principle, and that when the wheel blank has made onerevolution the work is complete, providing the work has been fed so faragainst the cutters that the correct tooth depth is out If desirable forany particular class or size of work two or more separate cuts may betaken, that is to say, some fraction of the tooth depth may be cut onthe first revolution of the blank and the remaining depth on one or moresubsequent revolutions of the blank.

While it has been found that the ratchet generating feed mechanism abovedescribed for operating the generating mechanism is convenient, it willbe apparent that such mechanism may consist of a belt drivefrom thedriven worm shaft, and Figs. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the essential partsof a machine arranged with this form of drive. In these figures, 116 isthe driving pulley mounted on the wormshaft 117, a second and smallerpulley 118 being keyed on the same shaft.

.1 1 belt 119 connects the pulley 118 with a pulley 120 keyed on theshaft 121, which is the equivalent of the shaft 65 of the machine shownin Fig. 1. Bevel wheels 122 and 123 engaging with bevel wheels 124 and125, respectively, are'keyed on said shaft and impart generating feed tothe cutters in a manner similar to that previously described. For thepurpose of imparting the generating feed to the wheel blank, a spiralgear 126 is keyed on the shaft 121 adapted to mesh with a spiral gear127 mounted on a stud shaft 128 carried by the frame of the machine. Thespiral gear 127 is connected to the shaft 129 (equivalent of shaft 58 inFig, 1) by means of the gear wheels 130 and 131 and change wheels 132and 133. 1t will further be obvious that the gear wheels 20,

. 21, 22 and 23 may be replaced by straight I cutters by other meansthan the rifled bars 24, and 25, and three alternative arrangements areillustrated in Figs. 7-12. In the construction shown in Figs. 7 and 8,the helical trace is imparted to the cutters by. a worm 134 and wormwheel 135 which correspond with the worm 63 and,worm wheel 30 shown inFig. 1. The worm wheel 135 is keyed on the end of a long worm 136 which,unlike the bar 24, has no axial movement. A spiral gear 137, mounted onthe cutter spindle, is adapted to gear with a spiral gear 138 keyed on ashaft 139 arranged at right angles tothe cutter spindle and worm 136,which shaft serves as a ivot for the tool-box. A worm wheel 1 0 is keyedon the shaft 139 which wheel is adapted to roll on the worm 136 which inturn will cause spiral gear 137 and the cutter to revolve, or partiallyrevolve, thereby imparting the desired helical trace to the cutters,providing the ratios of the various gear wheels have been suitablychosen. The generating feed is transmitted to the cutter by worm wheel135 through the parts 136, 140, 138 and 137, as will be readilyunderstood. The arrangement illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 operates in'asimilar manner to that shown in Figs. 7 and 8, but in this case, aspiral member 136 is located in the same plane as the cutter spindleupon which is keyed a spiral gear 141 adapted to mesh with a spiral gear142, the spindle 143 of which forms the pivot for the tool-box. Thespiral gear 142 is adapted to engage with and roll on the spiral member136. In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12, a spiral gear144 is mounted on the cutter spindle, which gear is adapted to engagewith a spiral gear 145 the spindle 146 of which-forms the pivot for thetool-box. The spiral gear 145 also engages with a spiral gear 147internally threaded and mounted on the rifled bar 148, on the outer endof. which is keyed the worm wheel 135 revolved by the worm 134, aspreviously described. lVhen the worm wheel 135 is revolved, the rifledbar 148 having no axial movement, causes the spiral gear 147 to travelthereon and revolve, which movement imparts the necessary movements tothe cutter. I

Means are preferably provided for moving the cutters away from the workon the return or idle stroke, otherwise the cutters may be damaged, butthis mechanism forms the subject matter of a further application forLetters Patent, Serial Number 849,297, filed July 6, 1914, and will notbe further referred to herein.

- If one of the cuttersis disconnected from the driving mechanism singleHelical or spiral wheels may be cut.

It will be understood that whilethe mechanism for imparting areciprocating movement to the sliding carriage 96 comprising the wormwheel 100 and its coiiperatingparts, is shown arrangedin the center, itmay if desired be arranged to one side or the other, as shown in Figs.4, 5 and 6, the position of the cooperating parts being modifiedaccordingly.

With a. machine arranged as above described it is possible by means ofthe pinion shaped cutters to cut continuous double helical teeth of thetrue-generated outline up to that part of their apex where the right andleft hand teeth meet, thus insuring the utmost strength of the teeth,economy of production as well as accuracy and efliciency in the workingof the gear wheels.

It will be obvious that straight toothed spur wheels may be cut on thismachine by simply substituting .pinion shaped cutters having straightteeth for the helical cutters 12, 13, and spindles 24, 25,.which have asimple reciprocatory sliding movement in their bearings in place of areciprocatory rotary movement as above described.

What I claim is:

1. In a machine for generating and cutting toothed gear wheels, thecombination of a bed, means carried thereon for axially mounting andturning the wheel blank to be operated on, a second bed, a carriagemounted thereon, means for imparting a reciprocating movement to saidcarriage in a plane parallel with the face of the wheel blank, a pair ofcutters carried by said carriage, and means for driving said wheel blankand said cutters simultaneously.

2. In a machine for generating and cutting toothed gear wheels, thecombination of a slidable carriage, a pair of carriages rig idly yetadjustably mounted thereon, a holder pivoted to each of said adjustablecarriages, a revoluble shaft mounted in each holder pivoted to each ofsaid adjustable.

carriages, a shaft revolubly mounted in each of said holders andcarrying a pinion shaped' cutter, a spindle revolubly mounted in eachof-said adjustable carriages, two engaging gear wheels mounted,respectively, on said shafts and spindles, a nut engaging with andturning saidspindles, gear wheels and cutters and means for imparting areciproca-, tory movement tO SBJd slidable carriage.

and a spindle revolubly mounted in each of said adjustable carriages,gear connections between said shafts and spindles for imparting rotarymotion from the latter to the former, a cutter in the form of a pinionmounted on each of sald'shafts, mechanism for imparting a generatingfeed action to .said cutters, and a crank operatively connected withsaid slidable carriage to impart a reciprocatory movement thereto;

5. In a machine for generating and cutting toothed gearwheels, thecombination of means for rotatably mounting a wheel blank on its axis,means for movingsaid wheel blank at right angles to its axis, a slidablecarriage, a pair of carriages rigidly yet adjustably carried thereby, apinion shaped cutter mounted on each of said adjustable carriages, meansfor reciprocating said slidable carriage to and fro and feedingmechanism adapted to act upon said, cutters whereby they are revolved ontheir axes.

6. In a machine for generating and cutting toothed gear wheels, thecombination of means for mounting and turning a wheel blank on its axis,a carriage-and'means for sliding it with a shaping head action to andfro in a plane parallel with the axis ofthe wheel blank, a pair ofcarriages rigidly yet adjustably carried by said slidable carriage, apinion sha ed cutter mounted on each of said adjusta le carriages, meansfor feeding and withdrawing said wheel blank to and from said cutters,and change wheels and connecting mechanism for turning said wheel blankwhen mounted concurrently with the reciprocating movement of saidcutters. I I

7. In a machine for generating and cutting double helical orherring-bone toothed gear'wheels, the combination of a bed, meanscarried thereon for axially mounting and turning the wheel blank to beoperated on, a second bed arranged lengthwise in a plane with respect toeach other and to the work parallel with the axis of said wheel blank, aslidable carriage mounted on said bed, a pair of carriages rigidly yetadjustably mounted on said slidable carriage, a cutter formed as asingle helical pinion mounted in each of said adjustable carriages,means for reciprocating said slidable carriage, means for imparting arocking motion to said outters', and means for driving said Wheel blankand said cutters simultaneously.

8. In a machine for generating and cutting double helical 0r herringbone toothed gear wheels, the combination of means for mounting andturning a wheel blank on its axis, a bed arranged lengthwise in a planeparallel with said axis, a slidable carriage mounted on said bed, a pairof carriages rigidly yet adjustably mounted on said slidablecarriage,'means for imparting a reciprocatory movement to said carriage,a cutter formed as a single helical pinion mounted in eachof saidadjustable carriages, means adapted to impart an intermittent feedmotion to said cutters, and means for adjusting the relative position ofthe cutters on the slidable carriage with respect to each other and tothe work being done.

9. In a machine for generating and cutting double helical orherring-bone toothed gear wheels, the combination of means for mountingand turning a wheel blank on its axis, a bed arranged lengthwise in aplane parallel with said axis, a slidable carriage mounted on said bed,a pair of carriages rigidly yet adjustably mounted on said slidablecarriage, a cutter formed as a single helical pinion mounted in each ofsaid ad justable carriages, means adapted to turn both of said cuttersin their carriages and a crank operatively connected to said slidablecarriage for causing the same .to slide to and fro upon said bed andthereby reciprocate both of said cutters simultaneously in front of theperiphery of said wheel blank,

10. In a machine for generating and cutting double helical orherring-bone toothed gear wheels, the combination of means for mountingand turning a wheel blank on its .axis, a bed arranged lengthwise in aplane parallel with said axis, a slidable carriage mounted on said bed,a pair of carriages rigidly yet adjustably mounted on said slidablecarriage, a cutter formed as a single helical pinion mountedin each ofsaid adjustable carriages, means adaptedto axially turn each of saidcutters in its carriage, a crank operatively connected to said slidablecarriage for causing the same to slide to and fro upon said bed andthereby reciprocate both of said cutters simultaneously in front of theperiphery of said wheel blank, means for regulating or adjusting therelative positions of the cutters on the slidable carriage being doneand means for varying the throw of said crank and thereby the travel ofthe slidable carriage.

11. In a mach'ne for generating and cutting double helical orherring-bone toothed mittent feed motion to said cutters, means foradjusting the relative positions of said cutters on the slidablecarriage with respect to each other and to the work being done and forthrowing one cutter out of operation.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set WILLIAM EDWIN SYKESQ Witnesses:

A. KNIGHT CRoAD, H. CIJFFORD.

